基于Gauss伪谱法的航天器气动力辅助平面变轨问题研究

气动力辅助变轨技术可以有效地节约燃料,是未来航天器新型变轨技术的发展方向之一.该文采用Gauss伪谱法对航天器从高轨道向低轨道共面轨道转移问题进行了研究.在考虑热流限制、控制约束的条件下,得到了航天器大气飞行段的次优轨迹,并对轨迹特性进行了分析,证明优化结果满足一阶最优性必要条件.同时采用间接法处理该问题,对两种方法的...     

空地多目标序贯攻击三维最优航迹实现

单机或多机协同执行对地多目标攻击任务将成为未来空地战争的一种重要形式。制定了合适的分段规划策略,建立了水平面和垂直面的空地多目标序贯攻击最优航迹模型,应用经典的可行方向法对模型求解。根据水平面和垂直面规划的相互关系及规划结果,得到三维最优航迹,为飞行导航提供有效依据。最后通过实例验证了所建模型及方法的有效性。     

基于云理论的坦克分队进攻队形综合评价

对坦克分队进攻队形的评价在坦克兵战术研究领域具有重要的意义.依据战术规则制定出了评价进攻队形的指标体系,运用AHP法给出了各指标的权重.在综合评价中引入了云理论,制定了各指标的云模型参数确定方法,运用虚拟云算法对各指标进行综合运算,最后将评价结果以云数字特征图以及概率分布的形式分别表示出来.经实例验证,该方法科学合理,...     

Planning versus Chaos in Clausewitz's On War

Clausewitz laid great emphasis on the planned construction of war, but this idea has received little attention from his commentators, who generally attach far greater importance to what he said about the chaotic elements of war, in particular its interactive nature and the friction inseparable from its conduct. This article gives long-overdue recognition to planning as a dominant theme of On War. The essential point Clausewitz makes concerning interaction is not that the enemy's responses are bound to disrupt our plans, but that our plans must aim to predict and incorporate his responses. Clausewitz acknowledges that friction creates enormous difficulties for the realization of any plan, but it is precisely in respect of this challenge that he develops the concept of military genius, whose capabilities are seen above all as the executive arm of planning.     

The concept of logistics derived from Clausewitz: All that is required so that the fighting force can be taken as a given

This article assesses the existing literature on logistics in war, concluding that there is no satisfactory conceptual definition of logistics. It proposes a concept of logistics derived from Clausewitz's theory of war to fill that void. This is presented as a derivation because Clausewitz's distinction between (1) the use of the fighting forces (tactics and strategy) and (2) all other activities in war that were required so that forces could be taken as a given. The latter, left unnamed by Clausewitz, corresponds to a concept of logistics that proves to be an analytical peer to Clausewitz's categories of politics, tactics and strategy.     

Some implications of pricing bundles

In this article, we consider a problem in which two suppliers can sell their respective products both individually and together as a bundle, and study the impact of bundle pricing. Four pricing models (centralized, decentralized, coop–comp, and comp–coop) are analyzed with regard to the competition formats and sequences. As one would expect, the firms are always better off when pricing decisions are centralized. However, rather surprisingly, we find that firms may be worse off if the bundle prices are set in a cooperative way; we provide analytical characterization of those instances. Numerical studies show that these insights also hold for some nonlinear demand. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

IED casualties mask the real problem: it's us

Casualty figures suggest that the US/Allied Counter Improvised Explosive Device (C-IED) policy and the present allocation of national assets, resources, and intellectual capital have not been very successful. A number of explanations for why this has been the case are discussed and critiqued here.     

载体干扰磁场补偿方法

获得载体航行路径上各点地磁场的精确测量值是地磁匹配导航的前提,而载体上各种干扰磁场的存在会引起磁力仪输出的偏差,影响匹配的精度,因此必须对载体干扰磁场进行补偿。在分析载体干扰磁场特性的基础上,提出利用矢量测量值对地磁场总场值进行补偿的方法。该方法首先根据矢量磁力仪的测量模型得到关于载体磁场参数的非线性方程,然后采用非线性参数估计方法估计出精确的载体干扰磁场系数,最后再利用估计结果对测量值进行补偿。通过仿真对该方法的有效性进行研究,并设计了半实物实验对其实用性进行验证。结果表明采用本文提出的方法补偿后地磁场总场值的测量误差在20nT以内,而且该方法参数估计精度高,应用方便,可以有效地对导航载体干扰磁场进行补偿。     

爆轰波斜冲击作用下破片飞散特性研究

为研究非对称结构战斗部的破片飞散特性,利用斜激波理论对爆轰波作用于壳体表面的过程进行研究,并利用自由面速度倍增定律对波在自由面反射后质点速度的计算进行简化,得到了破片飞散角的计算模型。利用D型战斗部试验数据对计算模型进行验证,结果表明,斜激波理论计算得到的破片飞散与试验结果吻合很好;当入射角较小时,壳体飞散角与入射角成线性关系。     

大深度无动力运载器弹道散布影响因素分析

潜射导弹无动力运载器弹道散布特性是导弹后续弹道和运载器分离体水下散布的重要影响因素,决定其散布的主要因素有初始弹道参数和海洋环境扰动等.建立了运载器空间运动数学模型,利用数理统计中的正交试验法安排实验,对不同工况下运载器上浮弹道进行仿真,通过极差分析确定影响因素的主次关系,利用方差分析法和F检验确定影响因素的显著性.仿真结果表明:横向海流对弹道散布半径影响显著,绕x和y轴的初始角速度及横向海流对位移影响不显著.研究结果可以为弹道规划和运载器加工制造提供一定参考.